Design Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier

1 design

1.1 hull , flight deck
1.2 air wing
1.3 armament
1.4 electronics
1.5 propulsion , performance
1.6 reliability
1.7 type 001 design changes
1.8 type 001a design changes

design
hull , flight deck

the hull design derived 1982 kiev class, larger. ships first soviet carriers designed full-length flight deck. foredeck dedicated aviation instead of surface weaponry, on kiev-class ships. ship s 12 anti-ship cruise missiles located in launchers below flight deck.

the aircraft carriers of stobar configuration: short take-off arrested recovery. short take-off achieved using 12-degree ski-jump on bow. there angled deck arresting wires, allows aircraft land without interfering launching aircraft. flight deck has total area of 14,700 square metres (158,000 sq ft). 2 aircraft elevators, on starboard side forward , aft of island, move aircraft between hangar deck , flight deck.

air wing

in original project specifications, ship should able carry 33 fixed-wing aircraft , 12 helicopters .

armament

to comply montreux convention restricting transit of aircraft carriers through turkish straits, kuznetsov-class ships designed aircraft cruisers. kuznetsov carries twelve launchers p-700 granit (ss-n-19 shipwreck) anti-ship surface-to-surface missiles, form main armament of kirov-class battlecruisers. heavy surface armament makes kuznetsov different other countries aircraft carriers, carry defensive armament , rely on aircraft strike power.

for long-range air defense, kuznetsov carries 24 vertical launchers tor missile system (sa-n-9 gauntlet) surface-to-air missiles 192 missiles. close-range air defense, ship carries 8 kashtan close-in weapon system (ciws) mounts. each mount has 2 launchers 9m311 sams, twin gsh-30 30mm rotary cannons, , radar/optronic director. ship carries 6 ak-630 30mm rotary cannons in single mounts. defense against underwater attack, ship carries udav-1 asw rocket launcher.

in late 2000s, russian navy reportedly removed old granit missile tubes make room larger hangar bay, though never clear ever removed. during major overhaul set begin in september 2017, p-700 tubes replaced new vertical launch tubes capable of housing newer kalibr , p-800 oniks cruise missiles.

electronics

a su-33 on board admiral kuznetsov

kuznetsov has d/e band air , surface target acquisition radar (passive electronically scanned array), f band surface search radar, g/h band flight control radar, band navigation radar, , 4 k band fire-control radars kashtan ciws.

the ship has hull-mounted medium- , low-frequency search , attack sonar. asw helicopters have surface search radar, dipping sonar, sonobuoys, , magnetic anomaly detectors.

propulsion , performance

admiral kuznetsov conventionally powered 8 gas-fired boilers , 4 steam turbines, each producing 50,000 hp (37 mw), driving 4 shafts fixed-pitch propellers. maximum speed 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph), , range @ maximum speed 3,800 nautical miles (7,000 km; 4,400 mi). @ 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph), maximum economical range 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi).

reliability

since inauguration of admiral kuznetsov has been plagued years of technical problems. vessel s steam turbines , turbo-pressurised boilers have been reported unreliable carrier accompanied large ocean-going tug whenever deploys, in case breaks down. in opinion of british royal navy officer other problems include flaws in water piping system, causes freeze during winter. prevent pipes bursting, water turned off of cabins , half latrines not work.

type 001 design changes

the chinese type 001 ships configured aircraft carriers. cruise missile launchers never installed, , launcher base removed during refit. air-defense system consists of fl-3000n surface-to-air-missiles , type 1130 ciws.

type 001a design changes

several design changes made type 001a aircraft carrier. ship has revised flight deck arrangement, modified island 3-d phased array radar.