Medical uses Bisphosphonate

1 medical uses

1.1 post-menopausal osteoporosis
1.2 cancer
1.3 other

medical uses

bisphosphonates used treat osteoporosis, osteitis deformans (paget s disease of bone), bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcaemia), multiple myeloma, , other conditions involving fragile, breakable bone.

in osteoporosis , paget s, popular first-line bisphosphonate drugs alendronate , risedronate. if these ineffective or if person develops digestive tract problems, intravenous pamidronate may used. strontium ranelate or teriparatide used refractory disease. use of strontium ranelate restricted because of increased risk of venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism , serious cardiovascular disorders, including myocardial infarction. in postmenopausal women, selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene administered instead of bisphosphonates. bisphosphonates beneficial in reducing risk of vertebral fracture in steroid induced osteoporosis.

post-menopausal osteoporosis

bisphosphonates recommended first line treatments post-menopausal osteoporosis.

long-term treatment bisphosponates produces anti-fracture , bone mineral density effects persist 3–5 years after initial 3–5 years of treatment. bisphosphonate alendronate reduces risk of hip, vertebral, , wrist fractures 35-39%; zoledronate reduces risk of hip fractures 38% , of vertebral fractures 62%. risedronate has been shown reduce risk of hip fractures.

after 5 years of medications mouth or 3 years of intravenous medication among @ low risk, bisphosphonate treatment can stopped. in @ higher risk ten years of medication mouth or 6 years of intravenous treatment may used.

cancer

bisphosphonates reduce risk of fracture , bone pain in people breast, lung, , other metastatic cancers in people multiple myeloma. in breast cancer there mixed evidence regarding whether bisphosphonates improve survival.

bisphosphonates can reduce mortality in multiple myeloma, breast , prostate cancer.

the risk of oesophageal cancer increases 10 or more prescriptions oral bisphosphonates on five-year period. in europe , north america, incidence of oesophageal cancer @ age 60-79 typically 1 per 1000 population on 5 years, , estimated increase 2 per 1000 5 years’ use of oral bisphosphonates.

other

evidence suggests use of bisphosphonates useful in treatment of complex regional pain syndrome, neuro-immune problem high mpq scores, low treatment efficacy , symptoms can include regional osteoporosis. in 2009 bisphosphonates among class of medications has survived placebo-controlled studies showing statistically significant improvement (in crps) therapy.

bisphosphonates have been used reduce fracture rates in children disease osteogenesis imperfecta , treat otosclerosis minimizing bone loss.

other bisphosphonates, including medronate (r

1=h, r

2=h) , oxidronate (r

1=h, r

2=oh), mixed radioactive technetium , injected, way image bone , detect bone disease.