End of the office Voivode of Transylvania

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the barons did not find compromise candidate succeed king louis ii perished in battle of mohács in 1526. first voivode, john szapolyai proclaimed king group of nobles, opposing party elected own king, ferdinand i, scion of habsburg family, end of year.



baron istván dobó of ruszka, last voivode appointed king of hungary (1553–1559)


king john accepted ottoman suzerainty in 1529, in treaty of nagyvárad of 1538 conceded right of habsburgs succeed him after death. @ point voivodes, stephen majláth , emeric balassa, decided separate transylvania kingdom in order save province ottoman invasion. although other leading transylvanian noblemen joined them, king john overcame rebellion in weeks.


following john s death, ottoman troops occupied central parts of kingdom of hungary in 1541. sultan suleiman permitted king s widow, queen isabella, retain territories east of river tisza (tisa), including transylvania, in name of infant son, john sigismund. george martinuzzi, bishop of várad, started reorganize government in name of dowager queen , son. ottomans assisted bishop capturing opponent, stephen majláth, although sultan had earlier confirmed latter s position voivode. assembly of 3 nations elected george martinuzzi governor on behalf of infant king in 1542.


the office of voivode vacant until september 1549, when ferdinand (who had not given idea of reuniting territories of entire kingdom) appointed martinuzzi post. however, isabella , son left realm in 1551. thereafter, transylvania again under rule of voivodes appointed monarch, ending istván dobó. administered province until 1556, when isabella , john sigismund returned.


john sigismund ceased style himself king of hungary after treaty of speyer of 1570, under adopted title of prince of transylvania , lord of parts of kingdom of hungary . successor stephen báthory (who elected ruler assembly of 3 nations) revived title of voivode, himself. adopted title of prince of transylvania when elected king of poland in 1576. @ same time, conferred title voivode on brother christopher in 1576. christopher báthory followed in 1581 minor son sigismund continued style himself voivode until death of uncle, stephen báthory in 1586. sigismund báthory s title of prince acknowledged in 1595 emperor rudolph (also king of hungary).








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